数日西部ウズベキスタンを回っています。仕事は少しだけあるのですが、ついでみたいなもので楽々です。
このウズベキスタンの西部にあるホラズム州には、カラと呼ばれる古い城塞が点在しています。この辺りは交易の中継地で、紀元前4世紀には高度な文化が存在し、城塞に囲まれた都市がいくつも建設されました。ヒヴァから日帰りで行くことができ、またステップに佇む廃墟を見てみたい。ということで、空き時間ができた日に行ってきました。
ネットで探すと、一日で3つのカラを巡るコースで145〜165ドルというものばかり。他方、現地でタクシードライバーと交渉して行ってきた人は数千円で済んだとか。ただドライバーとの交渉も、時間帯や相手によっては相当面倒ですよねえ。これはほかに手がないときの最終手段にとっておくことにしてリサーチを続けると、グループなら1人20ドルという、大変良心的なプランを出している業者を発見しました。もし同日にほかの参加者がいなければ、キャンセルするか、あるいは個人ツアーになるものの39ドルでセダンを利用できるとのことで、これもありがたい。ウェブサイトはこちら。
http://www.islambektravel.uz/
グループツアーの場合、ヒヴァの中心にあるイチャン・カラの城塞内にある、同業者の経営するホテルから9:00スタートですが、その後ヒヴァ鉄道駅やウルゲンチ空港に立ち寄ってピックアップしてもらうことも相談できるとのこと。個人での場合は時間もピックアップ場所も自由に指定できます。返信が比較的早いことも好感が持てました。
こうや君は最終的に39ドルでセダンを利用することして、ヒヴァで乗車後、ウルゲンチ空港で同僚を拾ってもらいました。ドライバーは英語もロシア語も少しだけ話せるという程度でしたが、目的地を回るにはそれで充分で、必要な時は業者のマネージャーに連絡して直接話して伝えられたので問題なし。
ターミナル前の広場を超えて駐車場へ。
回る3か所は、キジル・カラKizil Kala、トプラク・カラToprak Kala、アヤズ・カラAyaz Kalaです。
一か所目はキジル・カラでした。業者にもらったパンフレットによると、元は1~4世紀に建設されましたが、その後放棄され、12~13世紀に再建されたとのこと。
次がトプラク・カラ。2~3世紀、クシャナ朝の時代に建設され、ホラズムの王の居住する城だったとのこと。4世紀初期に放棄されたとみられ、のちに修復されて町の行政府の城塞として利用されたそうです。
もしかして、これはマーモットなのか。初めて見ました。そんなに広大な砂漠ではないし、ひっきりなしに人が駐車場とカラの間を歩いているのですが、そんなところにもいるものですね。
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I've been traveling around western Uzbekistan for a few days. I've got a bit of work to do, but it's just a bit of extra work, so it's easy.
In the western part of Uzbekistan, in the region of Khorasm, there are many ancient fortresses called kala scattered around. This area was a trading hub, and in the 4th century BC, a highly advanced culture existed here, and many cities surrounded by fortresses were built. You can visit them as a day trip from Khiva, and I wanted to see the ruins that stand on the steppe. So I went on a day when I had some free time.
When I searched online, I found that the only tours that visited three kala in one day cost between $145 and $165. On the other hand, I heard that people who negotiated with taxi drivers locally were able to visit for a few thousand yen. However, negotiating with the driver can be quite troublesome depending on the time of day and who you're dealing with. I decided to keep this as a last resort when I had no other options, and continued my research. I found a company that offered a very reasonable plan for groups of $20 per person. If there are no other participants on the same day, you can either cancel or use a sedan for $39, which is also very helpful. The website is here.
http://www.islambektravel.uz/
For group tours, the tour starts at 9:00 from a hotel run by a competitor in the Ichan Kala citadel in the center of Khiva, but it is also possible to discuss having the tour pick you up at the Khiva Railway Station or Urgench Airport afterwards. For individuals, you can specify the time and pick-up location freely. I also liked the fact that the response was relatively quick.
Koya-kun ended up using a sedan for $39, and after getting on in Khiva, he had his colleague picked up at Urgench Airport. The driver could speak a little English and Russian, but that was enough to get around to the places we wanted to go, and when we needed to, we could contact the manager of the company and speak directly to him, so there were no problems.
Urgench Airport in the morning.
I asked a colleague to take some photos of the airport. He entered Uzbekistan from this airport, so the photos below are of the space after immigration. There were no currency exchange counters, but there were ATMs.
After passing through customs, you exit the terminal.
After passing through customs, you'll be on the waiting floor, where there are lots of taxi touts standing around. It's not a big place, though, so you should be able to find one easily. My driver and I also met up with our colleague there and headed for the car.
We crossed the square in front of the terminal and went to the car park.
There is a bus stop on the road in front of the terminal, but if you want to go into the city of Urgench by bus, be careful because the buses don't leave from here, but from the road further on.
The three places you will visit are Kizil Kala, Toprak Kala and Ayaz Kala.
The first place we visited was Kizil Kala. According to the pamphlet we were given by the tour operator, it was originally built between the 1st and 4th centuries, but was later abandoned and then rebuilt between the 12th and 13th centuries.
Kizil Kala is smaller than the other two, but it is well-shaped. You can go up to the citadel and walk around inside.
Next is Toprak Kala. It was built in the 2nd or 3rd century during the Kushan dynasty, and it was a castle where the king of Khorezm lived. It is thought to have been abandoned in the early 4th century, and it was later restored and used as a citadel for the town's government.
There is a restored model in the museum in Khiva. It is said that it was built in the 1st or 2nd century.
The last one is Ayaz Kala. It is the largest kala in the area, and was built around the 7th or 8th century to defend against attacks by nomadic tribes. You can only see the outside of the smaller kala in the foreground, but you can climb the larger one in the background and walk around inside. There are also yurts set up nearby for accommodation.
There is a bit of a distance from the car park to the Kala, and the area in between is desert.
When you get to the foot of the fortress, you'll find yourself on a rocky area. You'll need to wear shoes that grip well so you don't slip.
Inside the fortress.
You can also climb up the fortress walls and walk around the outside. In some places, the slope is steep and it's dangerous to walk on, but there were people climbing up the high walls to take photos.
On the way back to the car park, this creature suddenly appeared.
Could it be a marmot? I'd never seen one before. It's not a very big desert, and people are constantly walking between the car park and Kala, but you can find them in places like that.
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